Mismatch losses are caused by the interconnection of solar cells or panels that do not have identical characteristics or experience conditions different from each other. Under certain conditions, mismatch losses are a serious problem for PV modules and arrays, because in the worst case, the output of the entire PV module is determined by the solar cell with the lowest output.
For example, when one solar cell is shaded while other solar cells in a solar PV module are not shaded, the power generated by a “good” solar cell may be dissipated by a lower performing cell instead of providing power to the load powered by. This in turn leads to highly localized power dissipation, and the resulting localized heating can cause irreversible damage to the solar panels.Please refer to:400ah deep cycle battery
A photovoltaic module mismatch occurs when the electrical parameters of one solar cell vary significantly from those of the rest of the device. The impact and power loss due to mismatch depends on:
Operating point of photovoltaic modules;
circuit configuration;
and different parameters from the rest of the solar cell;
Differences in any part of the IV curve between one solar cell and another can result in mismatch losses at certain operating points. Although mismatches can occur in any battery parameter, the largest mismatches are most commonly caused by differences in short-circuit current or open-circuit voltage. The effect of mismatch depends on both the circuit configuration and the type of mismatch.